128Furthermore, Article 37(17) of Directive 2009/72 and Article 41(17) of Directive 2009/73 require Member States to establish appropriate mechanisms at the national level under which a party affected by a decision of an NRA can bring proceedings before a body independent of the parties involved and of any government. Such a requirement is a corollary of the principle of effective judicial protection, which is a general principle of European Union law and one which is enshrined in Article 47 of the Charter (judgment of 16 July 2020, Commission v Hungary (Charges for access to electricity and natural gas transmission networks), C‑771/18, EU:C:2020:584, paragraph 61 and the case-law cited).
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