Judgment_paragraph 39 · Nederlands Uitgeversverbond and Groep Algemene Uitgevers v Tom Kabinet Internet BV and Others (C-263/18)

39In the first place, it must be noted that, as is apparent from recital 15 of Directive 2001/29, the directive serves, inter alia, to implement a number of the European Union’s obligations under the WCT. It follows that the concepts of ‘communication to the public’ and ‘distribution to the public’ referred to in Article 3(1) and in Article 4(1) of that directive must, so far as possible, be interpreted in accordance with the definitions contained, respectively, in Article 8 and in Article 6(1) of the WCT (see, to that effect, judgments of 17 April 2008, Peek & Cloppenburg, C‑456/06, EU:C:2008:232, paragraph 31, and of 19 December 2018, Syed, C‑572/17, EU:C:2018:1033, paragraph 21 and the case-law cited).