24Although that provision does not require the conclusion of a contract, it is nevertheless essential, for that provision to apply, to identify an obligation, since the jurisdiction of the national court under that provision is determined by the place of performance of the obligation in question. Thus, the concept of ‘matters relating to a contract’ within the meaning of that provision is not to be understood as covering a situation in which there is no obligation freely assumed by one party towards another (judgments of 14 March 2013, Česká spořitelna, C‑419/11, EU:C:2013:165, paragraph 46; of 28 January 2015, Kolassa, C‑375/13, EU:C:2015:37, paragraph 39, and of 21 April 2016, Austro-Mechana, C‑572/14, EU:C:2016:286, paragraph 35).
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