61Thus, the Court has held that the rules on jurisdiction laid down, as regards consumer contracts, in Article 16(1) of Regulation No 44/2001 apply, in accordance with the wording of that provision, only to an action brought by a consumer against the other party to the contract, which necessarily implies that a contract has been concluded by the consumer with the trader or professional concerned (judgment of 25 January 2018, Schrems, C‑498/16, EU:C:2018:37, paragraph 45 and the case-law cited).
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