123Admittedly, the obligation on a national court to refer to the content of a directive when interpreting and applying the relevant rules of domestic law is limited by general principles of law, particularly those of legal certainty and non-retroactivity, and that obligation cannot serve as the basis for an interpretation of national law contra legem (judgment of 4 July 2006, Adeneler and Others, C‑212/04, EU:C:2006:443, paragraph 110 and the case-law cited).
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