107According to settled case-law, the right to rely on the principle of the protection of legitimate expectations extends to any person whom an institution of the European Union has caused, by giving him precise assurances, to entertain justified hopes. Information which is precise, unconditional and consistent, in whatever form it is given, constitutes such assurances. By contrast, a person may not plead breach of that principle unless he has been given those precise assurances (see judgment of 13 September 2017, Pappalardo and Others v Commission, C‑350/16 P, EU:C:2017:672, paragraph 39 and the case-law cited). It is common ground that that principle can also be invoked by a Member State (see, to that effect, judgment of 22 April 2015, Poland v Commission, T‑290/12, EU:T:2015:221, paragraph 57 and the case-law cited).