68However, even if Directive 2000/78 cannot, as such, be a source of obligations for the EU institutions in the exercise of their legislative or decision-making powers for the purposes of governing employment relationships between them and their staff, the fact remains that the rules or principles laid down or established in that directive may be relied on against those institutions where those rules or principles themselves appear only as the specific expression of fundamental rules of the Treaties and of general principles imposed directly on those institutions (see, to that effect, judgment of 14 December 2016, Todorova Androva v Council and Others, T‑366/15 P, not published, EU:T:2016:729, paragraph 34 and the case-law cited).
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