41That legislative choice is consistent with the Berne Convention, with Articles 1 to 21 of which the European Union, while not a party to that convention, must nonetheless comply, pursuant to Article 1(4) of the WIPO Copyright Treaty, to which it is a party (see, to that effect, judgment of 13 November 2018, Levola Hengelo, C‑310/17, EU:C:2018:899, paragraph 38 and the case-law cited).
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