65To that end, Article 10a of Directive 2003/87 set up transitional arrangements which, in order to prevent undertakings from losing competitiveness as a result of the establishment of a scheme for emission allowance trading (see to that effect, inter alia, judgments of 26 February 2015, ŠKO-Energo, C‑43/14, EU:C:2015:120, paragraph 28, and of 12 April 2018, PPC Power, C‑302/17, EU:C:2018:245, paragraph 20), provide for the allocation to installations falling within certain sectors of activity of free emission allowances, the amount of which, in accordance with Article 10a(11), is decreased gradually over the period running from 2013 to 2020, with a view to reaching their complete abolition by 2027 (judgments of 8 September 2016, E.ON Kraftwerke, C‑461/15, EU:C:2016:648, paragraph 24; of 26 October 2016, Yara Suomi and Others, C‑506/14, EU:C:2016:799, paragraph 46; of 22 February 2018, INEOS Köln, C‑572/16, EU:C:2018:100, paragraph 29; and of 28 February 2018, Trinseo Deutschland, C‑577/16, EU:C:2018:127, paragraph 67).
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