Judgment_paragraph 30 · Luonnonsuojeluyhdistys Tapiola Pohjois-Savo – Kainuu ry v Risto Mustonen and Others (C-674/17)

30It must also be noted that Article 16(1) of the Habitats Directive, which defines in a precise and exhaustive manner the circumstances in which Member States may derogate from Articles 12 to 14 and Article 15(a) and (b) thereof, constitutes an exception to the system of protection provided for by that directive, which must be interpreted restrictively (see, to that effect, judgments of 20 October 2005, Commission v United Kingdom, C‑6/04, EU:C:2005:626, paragraph 111 and of 10 May 2007, Commission v Austria, C‑508/04, EU:C:2007:274, paragraphs 110 and 128) and which imposes on the authority taking the decision the burden of proving that those conditions are present for each derogation (see, by analogy, judgment of 8 June 2006, WWF Italia and Others, C‑60/05, EU:C:2006:378, paragraph 34).