72In the third place, it should be recalled that, although the framework decisions cannot have direct effect, their binding character nevertheless places on national authorities an obligation to interpret national law in conformity with EU law as from the date of expiry of the period for the transposition of those framework decisions (judgment of 8 November 2016, Ognyanov, C‑554/14, EU:C:2016:835, paragraphs 58 and 61).
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