45In that context, it must be recalled, first, that according to the Court’s case-law, the two situations covered by Article 2(2)(a) of Directive 2008/115 relate exclusively to the crossing of the external border of a Member State, as defined in Article 2 of the Schengen Borders Code, and therefore do not concern the crossing of a common border of Member States forming part of the Schengen area (judgment of 7 June 2016, Affum, C‑47/15, EU:C:2016:408, paragraph 69).
Source: EUR-Lex, © European Union, 1998-2026. Reuse authorised under Decision 2011/833/EU.