26In that connection, it must be stated that in order for a national measure to fall within the first category of technical regulations that is referred to in Article 1(3) of Directive 98/34, that is to say, within the concept of ‘technical specification’, that measure must necessarily refer to the product or its packaging as such and thus lay down one of the characteristics required of a product (judgment of 19 July 2012, Fortuna and Others, C‑213/11, C‑214/11 and C‑217/11, EU:C:2012:495, paragraph 28 and the case-law cited). Moreover, the concept of ‘other requirements’ within the meaning of Article 1(4) of that directive concerns the life cycle of a product after it has been placed on the market (judgment of 4 February 2016, Ince, C‑336/14, EU:C:2016:72, paragraph 72).
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