38In particular, in the face of evidence of an effect equivalent to that of border checks, compliance by those controls with Article 21(a) of Regulation No 562/2006 must be ensured by the details and limitations contained in the framework for the practical exercise of the police powers enjoyed by the Member States, a framework which should be such as to avoid such an equivalent effect (see judgment of 19 July 2012, Adil, C‑278/12 PPU, EU:C:2012:508, paragraph 70 and the case-law cited).
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