Judgment_paragraph 41 · Confédération paysanne and Others v Premier ministre and Ministre de l’agriculture, de l’agroalimentaire et de la forêt (C-528/16)

41At the outset, it should be pointed out that, as a provision derogating from the requirement to subject GMOs to the obligations laid down in Directive 2001/18, Article 3(1) thereof, read in conjunction with point 1 of Annex I B to that directive, must be interpreted strictly (see, by analogy, judgment of 17 April 2018, Commission v Poland (Białowieża Forest), C‑441/17, EU:C:2018:255, paragraph 189 and the case-law cited).