47Having regard to the foregoing, the answer to the first question is that Article 5(1) of Regulation No 987/2009, read together with Article 19(2) thereof, must be interpreted as meaning that an A1 certificate, issued by the competent institution of a Member State under Article 12(1) of Regulation No 883/2004, binds not only the institutions of the Member State in which the activity is carried out, but also the courts of that Member State.
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