Judgment_paragraph 27 · Małgorzata Ciupa and Others v II Szpital Miejski im. L. Rydygiera w Łodzi obecnie Szpital Ginekologiczno-Położniczy im dr L. Rydygiera Sp. z o.o. w Łodzi (C-429/16)

27As regards the concept of ‘redundancy’ in point (a) of the first subparagraph of Article 1(1) of Directive 98/59, the Court has held that that directive must be interpreted as meaning that the fact that an employer, unilaterally and to the detriment of the employee, makes significant changes to essential elements of his employment contract for reasons not related to the individual employee concerned falls within that concept (judgment of 11 November 2015, Pujante Rivera, C‑422/14, EU:C:2015:743, paragraph 55).