47In invalidity proceedings, however, EUIPO cannot be required to carry out afresh the examination which the examiner conducted, of his own motion, of the relevant facts which could have led him to apply the absolute grounds for refusal. It follows from the provisions of Articles 52 and 55 of Regulation No 207/2009 that the EU trade mark is regarded as valid until it has been declared invalid by EUIPO following invalidity proceedings. It therefore enjoys a presumption of validity, which is the logical consequence of the review carried out by EUIPO in the examination of an application for registration (judgment of 13 September 2013, CASTEL, T‑320/10, EU:T:2013:424, paragraph 27, and order of 23 November 2015, FoodSafe, T‑766/14, not published, EU:T:2015:913, paragraph 32).