35It is true that the Court has previously held, as observed by all the interested parties, that Gibraltar does not form part of the United Kingdom (see, to that effect, judgment of 23 September 2003, Commission v United Kingdom, C‑30/01, EU:C:2003:489, paragraph 47, and 12 September 2006, Spain v United Kingdom, C‑145/04; EU:C:2006:543, paragraph 15).
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