51While, in its initial version, the aim of Article 3 of the Framework Directive was essentially, as stated in recital 11 thereof, to guarantee the independence and impartiality of NRAs by ensuring that regulation and operation are functionally separate, the intention of the EU legislature was, by means of Directive 2009/140 and as stated in recital 13 thereof, to strengthen the independence of NRAs in order to ensure a more effective application of the regulatory framework and to increase their authority and the predictability of their decisions (judgments of 28 July 2016, Autorità per le Garanzie nelle Comunicazioni, C‑240/15, EU:C:2016:608, paragraphs 32 and 34, and of 19 October 2016, Ormaetxea Garai et Lorenzo Almendros, C‑424/15, EU:C:2016:780, paragraph 45).
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