109In that regard, it follows from Article 23(1) of Directive 2008/50 that while Member States have a degree of discretion in deciding which measures to adopt, those measures must, in any event, ensure that the period during which the limit values are exceeded is as short as possible (judgment of 19 November 2014, ClientEarth, C‑404/13, EU:C:2014:2382, paragraph 57).
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