344In the light of all of the foregoing, the principle ne bis in idem and the set off principle do not apply to a situation in which several penalties are imposed in a single decision, even if those penalties are imposed for the same actions. In fact, where the same conduct infringes several provisions punishable by fines, the question whether several fines may be imposed in a single decision falls not within the scope of the principle ne bis in idem but within the scope of the principles governing concurrent offences (see, in regard to the problems associated with concurrent offences, paragraphs 345 to 373 below).