31On the other hand, the Court has already held that the scheme of Directive 2003/96 is founded on a clear distinction between motor fuels and heating fuels on the basis, in particular, of the criterion of use. The distinction between motor fuels and heating fuels, introduced in recitals 17 and 18 of that directive, is applied, inter alia, by Articles 7 to 9 of the directive, relating to the detailed rules for setting the minimum levels of taxation applicable, on the one hand, to heating fuels and, on the other, to motor fuels and to products used as motor fuels for specific industrial and commercial purposes (see, to that effect, judgment of 3 April 2014 in Kronos Titan and Rhein-Ruhr Beschichtungs-Service, C‑43/13 and C‑44/13, EU:C:2014:216, paragraph 28).
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