37In that regard, it follows from settled case-law that the provisions of a directive must be implemented with unquestionable binding force, and with the specificity, precision and clarity necessary to satisfy the requirements of legal certainty (see, inter alia, judgment in Commission v Greece, C‑81/07, EU:C:2008:172, paragraph 19 and the case-law cited). That principle of legal certainty requires appropriate publicity for the national measures adopted pursuant to EU rules in such a way as to enable the persons concerned by such measures to ascertain the scope of their rights and obligations in the particular area governed by EU law (judgment in Commission v Belgium, C‑415/01, EU:C:2003:118, paragraph 21).
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