21In that regard, it should be noted that, according to the Court’s settled case-law, in the absence of harmonisation of EU legislation in the field of penalties applicable where conditions laid down by arrangements under such legislation are not complied with, Member States are empowered to choose the penalties which seem to them to be appropriate. They must, however, exercise that power in accordance with EU law and its general principles, and consequently in accordance with the principle of proportionality (see judgments in Ntionik and Pikoulas, C‑430/05, EU:C:2007:410, paragraph 53, and Urbán, C‑210/10, EU:C:2012:64, paragraph 23).
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