44Next, it is settled case-law that, within the framework of the Commission’s implementing power, the limits of which must be determined by reference amongst other things to the essential general aims of the legislative act in question, the Commission is authorised to adopt all the measures which are necessary or appropriate for the implementation of that act, provided that they are not contrary to it (judgments in Netherlands v Commission, C‑478/93, EU:C:1995:324, paragraphs 30 and 31; Portugal v Commission, C‑159/96, EU:C:1998:550, paragraphs 40 and 41; Parliament v Commission, C‑403/05, EU:C:2007:624, paragraph 51; and Parliament and Denmark v Commission, C‑14/06 and C‑295/06, EU:C:2008:176, paragraph 52).
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