Judgment_paragraph 23 · Public Relations Consultants Association Ltd v Newspaper Licensing Agency Ltd and Others (C-360/13)

23According to the case-law of the Court, the conditions set out above must be interpreted strictly, because Article 5(1) of Directive 2001/29 is a derogation from the general rule established by that directive that the copyright holder must authorise any reproduction of his protected work (Case C‑5/08 Infopaq International, EU:C:2009:465, paragraphs 56 and 57, and Joined Cases C‑403/08 and C‑429/08 Football Association Premier League and Others, EU:C:2011:631, paragraph 162).