50The principle of legal certainty requires that rules of law be clear, precise and predictable as regards their effects, in particular where they may have unfavourable consequences for individuals and undertakings (see, to that effect, judgments of 7 June 2005 in VEMW and Others, C‑17/03, ECR, EU:C:2005:362, paragraph 80, and of 16 February 2012 in Costa and Cifone, C‑72/10 and C‑77/10, ECR, EU:C:2012:80, paragraph 74 and the case-law cited).
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