36The CN does not define ‘parts’ within the meaning of CN heading 7321. None the less, it is clear from the Court’s case-law, developed in the context of Chapters 84 and 85 of Section XVI and of Chapter 90 of Section XVIII of the CN, that the notion of ‘parts’ implies a whole for the operation of which the part is essential (see, inter alia, Case C-183/06 RUMA [2007] ECR I-1559, paragraph 31; Case C-152/10 Unomedical [2011] ECR I-5433, paragraph 29; and Rohm & Haas Electronic Materials CMP Europe and Others, paragraph 34). It follows from that case-law that, in order to classify an article as ‘parts’ within the meaning of those chapters, it is not sufficient to show that, without that article, the machine or apparatus is not able to carry out its intended functions. It must be established that the mechanical or electric functioning of the machine or apparatus in question is dependent on that article (see, to that effect, Case C-276/00 Turbon International [2002] ECR I-1389, paragraph 30, and Rohm & Haas Electronic Materials CMP Europe and Others, paragraph 35). Furthermore, account should be taken of note 2(a) to Section XV of the CN, which specifies that references to ‘parts of goods’, inter alia in CN heading 7321, do not include references to ‘parts of general use’.
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