87Accordingly, in order to calculate fines imposed on undertakings which have participated in a cartel, differentiated treatment of the undertakings concerned is inherent in the exercise of the Commission’s powers in that area. In exercising its discretion, the Commission is required to fit the penalty to the individual conduct and specific characteristics of those undertakings, in order to ensure that, in each case, the EU competition rules are given full effect (see Case C-564/08 P SGL Carbon v Commission [2009] ECR I-191 (summary publication), paragraph 43 and the case-law cited).
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