43It must be noted that, according to the Court’s settled case-law, Article 1(2) of Directive 91/439 provides for the mutual recognition, without any formality, of driving licences issued by Member States. That provision imposes on those Member States a clear and precise obligation which leaves no room for discretion as to the measures to be adopted in order to comply with it (see, inter alia, Case C-321/07 Schwarz [2009] ECR I-1113, paragraph 75, Case C-184/10 Grasser [2011] ECR I-4057, paragraph 19, and Akyüz, paragraph 40).
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