Preliminary reference · referred by the Cour de cassation (France)
Rapporteur
T. von Danwitz
Advocate General
J. Mazák
Bench
11 judgesV. Skouris, J.N. Cunha Rodrigues, K. Lenaerts, J.-C. Bonichot, R. Silva de Lapuerta, C. Toader, K. Schiemann, E. Juhász, T. von Danwitz, J.-J. Kasel, M. Safjan
70The exercise of police powers may not, under the second sentence of that provision, in particular, be considered equivalent to the exercise of border checks when the police measures do not have border control as an objective; are based on general police information and experience regarding possible threats to public security and aim, in particular, to combat cross-border crime; are devised and executed in a manner clearly distinct from systematic checks on persons at the external borders; and, lastly, are carried out on the basis of spot-checks.