86Further, it has been held in case-law that a rule of law is intended to confer rights on individuals where the infringement concerns a provision which gives rise to rights for individuals which the national courts must protect, so that it has direct effect (Joined Cases C-46/93 and C-48/93 Brasserie du pêcheur and Factortame [1996] ECR I-1029, paragraph 54), a provision which creates an advantage which could be defined as a vested right (see, to that effect, Case T-113/96 Dubois et Fils v Council and Commission [1998] ECR II-125, paragraphs 63 to 65), a provision which is designed for the protection of the interests of individuals (Joined Cases 83/76, 94/76, 4/77, 15/77 and 40/77 HNL and Others v Council and Commission [1978] ECR 1209, paragraph 5), or a provision which entails the grant of rights to individuals, the content of those rights being sufficiently identifiable (Joined Cases C-178/94, C-179/94, C-188/94 to C-190/94 Dillenkofer and Others [1996] ECR I-4845, paragraph 22 ).
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