31The United Kingdom Government further submits essentially that the federal care allowance at issue in Jauch was not ‘mixed’ because it was granted exclusively in connection with a social security benefit, namely a pension, and never as social assistance. By contrast, another allowance, even covering an identical risk but granted to some recipients solely as social assistance, would constitute a ‘mixed’ benefit. The recipient's state of need is an essential characteristic of social assistance, and that need is not necessarily pecuniary (see, inter alia, Case C-356/89 Newton [1991] ECR I-3017, and Snares).
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