30The French Government and the Commission observe in this connection that the Court has held that a directive can be relied on by individuals before national courts only after the expiry of the time-limit laid down for its transposition into national law and that its provisions cannot before that date create rights for individuals which the national courts must protect (Case C-316/93 Vaneetveld [1994] ECR I-763, paragraphs 16 and 19).
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