35Next, as Ansul argued, the eighth recital in the preamble to the Directive states that trade marks ‘must actually be used or, if not used, be subject to revocation’. ‘Genuine use’ therefore means actual use of the mark. That approach is confirmed, inter alia, by the Dutch version of the Directive, which uses in the eighth recital the words ‘werkelijk wordt gebruikt’, and by other language versions such as the Spanish (‘uso efectivo’), Italian (‘uso effettivo’) and English (‘genuine use’).
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