14As the Court has already held, in order to fall within the scope of the Directive, a benefit must constitute the whole or part of a statutory scheme providing protection against one of the risks listed in Article 3(1) of the Directive, or a form of social assistance having the same objective, and be directly and effectively linked to protection against one of those risks (see the judgments in Case C-243/90 Smithson [1992] ECR I-467, paragraphs 12 and 14; Joined Cases C-63/91 and C-64/91 Jackson and Cresswell [1992] ECR I-4737, paragraphs 15 and 16; and Case C-137/94 R v Secretary of State for Health, ex parte Richardson [1995] ECR I-3407, paragraphs 8 and 9).
Source: EUR-Lex, © European Union, 1998-2026. Reuse authorised under Decision 2011/833/EU.