17As regards trade with nonmember countries, the Treaty contains no express provisions similar to those which prohibit the imposition of charges having an effect equivalent to customs duties in trade between Member States (Joined Cases 2/69 and 3/69 Sociaal Fonds voor de Diamantarbeiders v Brachfeld and Another [1969] ECR 211, paragraph 28). Nevertheless, the establishment of the Common Customs Tariff means that the Member States may not subsequently introduce, unilaterally, new charges on goods imported directly from nonmember countries or raise the level of those in existence at that time (Joined Cases 37/73 and 38/73 Sociaal Fonds voor de Diamantarbeiders v Indiamex and Another [1973] ECR 1609, paragraph 22).
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